Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine 2008-0387 19 0 2026 05 10 1630 1630 Azadeh Babaei Assistant Professor, Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Arezoo Aghakouchakzadeh Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran. Morteza Motaharipour Assistant Professor of Islamic Education, Department of Islamic Studies, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Ali Lotfalian Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Iman Rajaei Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. 2025 10 06 2026 05 10 Ethics is the systematic study of moral principles that guides conduct in complex social and professional contexts. In medical education, faculty members’ professional ethics and communication skills are critical, since they influence student development and institutional success. This study examines the relationship between professional ethics and communication skills to inform faculty development programs.This was a descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study conducted in 2023–2024 at Alborz University of Medical Sciences. It investigated the relationship between professional ethics and communication skills among 178 faculty members using validated Cadozier & Brown and Queendom questionnaires. Pearson’s correlation, t-tests, and ANOVA revealed significant associations (P < 0.05) between ethics, communication, and demographic variables.Most participants were female (53.4%) and mid-career (35–45 years, 43.8%). The majority were assistant professors (78.7%) with medical specializations (60.1%) or PhDs (36.0%). Self-reported ethics (M = 65, SD = 5.7) and communication skills (M = 116, SD = 7.7) were high, with 85.4% and 96.6% rated “Good.” A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.33, P < 0.01) was observed between the constructs, and listening skills were strongly associated with ethical dimensions such as honesty and empathy. Gender, age, experience, employment status, and rank influenced sub-dimensions, showing patterns. The findings revealed a significant positive correlation between faculty professional ethics and communication skills, shaped by academic rank, teaching experience, and employment type. Integrated training and supportive policies are recommended to enhance faculty communication skills and ethics. https://jmehm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmehm/article/view/1630 https://jmehm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmehm/article/download/1630/485

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine 2008-0387 19 0 2026 06 03 1629 1629 Mohsen Shamsi 1. Professor, Department of Health Education, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Mohammad Hossein Asadi 2. PhD Candidate, History of Medical Sciences Department of the History of Medical Sciences, Institute for Studies in Medicine History, Persian and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Azam Khosravi 3. Instructor, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Mahboobeh Ranjbar 2. PhD Candidate, History of Medical Sciences Department of the History of Medical Sciences, Institute for Studies in Medicine History, Persian and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Ali Zarei 4. Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Estahban School of Paramedical Sciences, School of Nursing Hazrat Zahra (P.B.U.H) Abadeh, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Saaed Changizi-Ashtiyani 5. Professor, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2025 10 03 2026 02 24 This study investigates the history of male castration, tracing its evolution from an ancient practice used for punishment and court control in civilizations like Sumer and China to a topic of sophisticated medical and ethical debate in the Persian world. The research highlights the important work of Persian physicians such as Rhazes, Avicenna, and Jorjani, who carefully recorded and improved surgical techniques—including total removal (hence the Arabic term Khasi, meaning “castrated”), and blood vessel ligation—within a detailed medical framework. Significantly, these scholars developed a strong and systematic ethical stance opposing non-therapeutic castration, condemning it as a breach of the body's natural, divinely ordained condition.Although earlier traditions expressed concerns about bodily integrity, their incorporation into a formal medical-ethical system marks a key milestone in medical ethics. This established the mentioned physicians as prominent advocates for bodily integrity, a concept that has often been challenging to political authorities. By combining historical and medical perspectives, the paper argues that castration should not be regarded merely as a social custom, as it unintentionally facilitated early advances in surgery and endocrinology. Ultimately, the study underscores the ongoing conflict between medical ethics and political power, offering a nuanced insight into the interplay of science, morality, and authority throughout history. https://jmehm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmehm/article/view/1629 https://jmehm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmehm/article/download/1629/486

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine 2008-0387 19 0 2026 06 10 1638 1638 Nasrin Abbasi PhD Candidate in Medical Ethics, Medical Ethics Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Leila Afshar Professor, Department of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mehrzad Kiani Professor, Department of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shabnam Bazmi Professor, Department of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2025 11 05 2026 06 10 The rapid growth of medical tourism, the provision of elective healthcare across borders, has raised complex ethical challenges. In Iran, the significant expansion of this industry can be attributed to advanced expertise and relatively low costs. This qualitative study examined the critical ethical issues in medical tourism in Iran through semi-structured interviews with purposively selected ethics scholars, managers, healthcare providers, facilitators, and international patients, using maximum variation sampling. Data were transcribed, analyzed, and refined through expert consensus, yielding 215 meaning units. Analyses revealed four thematic domains: rights and ethical entitlements of stakeholders; financial responsibility and economic equity; sociocultural determinants of ethical practice; and governance and regulatory accountability, with governance and regulation—particularly legislative gaps and weak coordination—emerging as the top ethical concern. Findings demonstrate the need for coherent policies and ethical frameworks to safeguard stakeholder rights, integrate ethics into planning, and align practices with both local values and global standards. https://jmehm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmehm/article/view/1638 https://jmehm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmehm/article/download/1638/487