Tehran University of Medical Sciences Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine 2008-0387 10 0 2017 12 30 299 299 EN Maliheh Kadivar Professor Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Arpi Manookian Assistant Professor School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fariba Asghari Associate Professor Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nikoo Niknafs Assistant Professor Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Vali-E-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Arash Okazi Assistant Professor Department of Forensic Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Asal Zarvani Nursing Student School of Nursing & Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2017 07 02 2017 12 25 Since patient safety is multidimensional and grounded in ethical and legal imperatives, both ethical and legal challenges should be taken into account. In this regard, a falling incident case of a 12-day-old newborn was raised in the monthly ethics round in the Children's Medical Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, and the ethical and legal dimensions of patient safety were discussed by experts in various fields. This report presents different aspects of patient safety in terms of root cause analysis (RCA) and risk management, the role of human resources, the role of professionalism, the necessity of informing the parents (disclosure of medical errors), and forensic medicine with focus on ethical aspects. https://jmehm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmehm/article/view/299 https://jmehm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/jmehm/article/download/299/165