Original Article

Medical students’ perception of professionalism climate in clinical settings

Abstract

Medical professionalism has a crucial role in educating medical students. The role of professionalism in the clinical environment is therefore an important factor in medical education. This study attempts to evaluate the opinions of medical students in the teaching hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) about the professionalism environment in this university.

A sample of 165 students filled out the Persian translation of UMKC-SOM (Climate of Professionalism Survey) questionnaire. This instrument evaluates students’ perspectives on the degree of adherence to professionalism by faculty, residents and other students.

The results of the study revealed that the total score of professionalism climate was 53.9 for faculty, 42.09 for residents, and 50.76 for students and the difference between these three groups was statistically significant (p-value < 0.01). Results of further analysis through post-hoc tests for multiple comparisons among the groups revealed that the students found their fellow students and faculty more professional than residents. The study also showed that the medical ethics course had no impact on perceptions observations (p-values > 0.05).The study results also revealed that the students found their fellow students and faculty more professional than residents. This finding demonstrates the importance of teaching professionalism to residents since they serve as role models for students.Further multicenter studies are needed to improve the professionalism climate in the medical teaching environment.  

Whitcomb ME. Professionalism in medicine. Academic Medicine. 2007; 82(11): 1009.

Medical Professionalism Project. Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physicians’ charter. Clin Med (Lond). 2002; 2(2): 116-8.

Cohen JJ. Professionalism in medical education, an American perspective: from evidence to accountability. Med Educ. 2006; 40(7): 607-17.

Haffrey FW. The next wave. N Engl J Med. 2006; 355(20): 2151-2.

Sivalingam N. Teaching and learning of professionalism in medical schools. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2004; 33(6): 706-10.

Kenyon CF, Brown JB. Mission Statement Day: The impact on medical students of an early exercise in professionalism. Med Teach. 2007; 29(6): 606-10.

Haque M, Zulkifli Z, Haque ZZ, et al. Professionalism perspectives among medical students of a novel medical graduate school in Malaysia. Adv Med Educ Pract. 2016; 7: 407–22.

Stephenson AE, Adshead LE, Higgs RH. The teaching of professional attitudes within UK medical schools: reported difficulties and good practice. Med Educ. 2006; 40(11): 1072–80.

Al-Eraky MM. Twelve Tips for teaching medical professionalism at all levels of medical education. Med Teach. 2015; 37(11): 1018-25.

Anonymous. Faculty of graduate studies annual report 2005. [cited on July 2021]; https://cdn.dal.ca/content/dam/dalhousie/pdf/fgs/faculty/annualreports/fgs_annualreport_2004-2005.pdf

Brater DC. Viewpoint: infusing professionalism into a school of medicine: perspectives from the dean. Acad Med. 2007; 82(11): 1094-7.

Christianson CE, McBride RB, Vari RC, Olson L, Wilson HD. From traditional to patient-centered learning: curriculum change as an intervention for changing institutional culture and promoting professionalism in undergraduate medical education. Acad Med. 2007; 82(11): 1079-88.

Cruess RL, Cruess SR. Teaching professionalism: general principles. Med Teach. 2006; 28(3): 205-8.

Humphrey HJ, Smith K, Reddy S, Scott D, Madara JL, Arora VM. Promoting an environment of professionalism: the University of Chicago “Roadmap”. Acad Med. 2007;82(11):1098-107.

Hillis DJ and Grigg MJ. Professionalism and the role of medical colleges. Surgeon. 2015; 13(5): 292-9.

Lempp H, Seale C. The hidden curriculum in undergraduate medical education: qualitative study of medical students’ perceptions of teaching. BMJ. 2004; 329(7469): 770–3.

Brownell AK, Cote L. Senior resident’s views on the meaning of professionalism and how they learn about it. Acad Med. 2001; 76(7): 734-7.

Adkoli BV, Al-Umran KU, Al-Sheikh M, Deepak KK, Al-Rubaish AM. Medical students’ perception of professionalism: a qualitative study from Saudi Arabia. Med Teach. 2011; 33(10): 840-5.

Jha V, Bekker HL, Duffy SR, Roberts TE. Perceptions of professionalism in medicine: a qualitative study. Med Educ. 2006; 40(10): 1027-36.

Reed DA, West CP, Mueller PS, Ficalora RD, Engstler GJ, Beckman TJ. Behaviors of highly professional resident physicians. J AMA. 2008; 300(11): 1326-33.

Li H, Ding N, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wen D. Assessing medical professionalism: a systematic review of instruments and their measurement properties. PLoS One. 2017;1 2(5): e0177321.

Tromp F, Vernooij-Dassen M, Kramer A, Grol R, Bottema B. Behavioral elements of professionalism: assessment of a fundamental concept in medical care. Med Teach. 2010; 32(4): e161–9.

Tsugawa Y, Tokuda Y, Ohbu S, et al. Professionalism mini-evaluation exercise for medical residents in Japan: a pilot study. Med Educ. 2009; 43(10): 968–78.

Hodges BD, Ginsburg S, Cruess R, et al. Assessment of professionalism recommendations from the Ottawa 2010 Conference. Med Teach. 2011; 33: 354–63.

Ponnamperuma G, Ker J, Davis M. Medical professionalism: teaching, learning, and Assessment. South East Journal of Medical Education. 2012; 7: 42-8.

Elliott DD, May W, Schaff PB, Nyquist JG, Trial J, Reilly JM et al. Shaping professionalism in pre-clinical medical students: professionalism and the practice of medicine. Medi Teach. 2009; 31(7): e295-302.

Birden H, Glass N, Wilson I, Harrison M, Usherwood T, Nass, D. Defining professionalism in medical education: a systematic review. Med Teach. 2014; 36(1): 47-61.

Cruess RL, Cruess SR. Expectations and obligations: professionalism and medicine’s social contract with society. Perspect Biol Med. 2008; 5(4): 579–98.

Tromp F, Vernooij-Dassen M, Kramer A, Grol R, Bottema B. Behavioral elements of professionalism: assessment of a fundamental concept in medical care. Med Teach. 2010; 32(4): e161–9.

Quaintance JL, Arnold L, Thompson GS. Development of an instrument to measure the climate of professionalism in a clinical teaching environment. Acad Med. 2008; 83(10): S5-8.

Aramesh K, Mohebbi M, Jessri M, Sanagou M. Measuring professionalism in residency training programs in Iran. Med Teach. 2009; 31(8): e356-61.

Amini H, Rezapour R, Akbari ZD, et al. Iranian medical residents’ professionalism: a peer assessment study. Clinical Ethics. 2020;15(1): 17-22.

Inui T. A Flag in the Wind: educating for professionalism in medicine. [cited on July 2021]; https://aucunknowntruths.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/a-flag-in-the-wind.pdf

Worthington RP. Ethics and professionalism in a changing world [Ética y profesionalismo en un mundo cambiante]. [Investigación en Educación Médica]. 2015; 4(15): 175-8. [in Spanish]

Spiwak R, Mullins M, Isaak C, Barakat S, Chateau D, Sareen JS. Medical students' and postgraduate residents' observations of professionalism. Educ Health (Abingdon). 2014; 27(2): 193-9.

Al Gahtani HMS, Jahrami HA, Silverman HJ. Perceptions of medical students towards the practice of professionalism at the Arabian Gulf University. BMC Medi Educ. 2021; 21: 38.

Gillespie C, Paik S, Ark T, Zabar S, Kalet A. Residents’ perceptions of their own professionalism and the professionalism of their learning environment. J Grad Med Educ. 2009; 1(2): 208-15.

Hoonpongsimanont W, Sahota PK, Chen Y, et al. Physician professionalism: definition from a generation perspective. Int J Med Edu. 2018; 9: 246-52.

Forouzadeh M, Kiani M, Bazmi Sh. Professionalism and its role in the formation of medical professional identity. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2018; 32: 130.

Files
IssueVol 14 (2021) QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/jmehm.v14i10.7238
Keywords
Iran Medical student Professionalism climate

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Hoobehfekr S, Asghari F, Sayarifard A, Kadivar M, Kashefinejad S. Medical students’ perception of professionalism climate in clinical settings. J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2021;14.